Klystron switching power supplies for the international. Klystron tube article about klystron tube by the free. The cascade amplifier which is directly comparable with the type 41or is the type 2k35. Figure 5 shows the circuit of a groundedgrid tetrode amplifier with a tuned anode. Modulator charging power supply design requirements 35 3. The electrons are originally accelerated to high velocity by a potential of several hundred volts and enter a narrow gap that forms part of a cavity resonator system see figure, where they are acted upon by a radiofrequency field, which causes a bunchingup effect. Pdf a klystron power system for the isis front end test. It was used as a local oscillator in some radar receivers and a modulator in microwave transmitters the 1950s and 1960s, but is now obsolete, replaced by semiconductor. As shown in the given diagram it is composed of heater, cathode, focusing electrodes and repeller anode.
Korepanov, budke r inp sb ras, novosibisk, russia v. The stability of the output high voltage is not satisfactory especially when the ac line voltage fluctuations. This paper describes the design and the performance of the new power supply. Multistage depressed collector klystron allows the amplifier to use less power and produce less heat than other khpas. Schematic of the double channel solid state amplifier microwave source. Regulated beam supply and repeller supply voltages. Klystrons are velocitymodulated tubes that are used in some radar equipments as amplifiers. Society merged to thomsoncgr group in 1972, under the. The multi cavity klystron consist of a glass envelope in which there is an electron gun composed of heater and cathode. To read and print pdf files, download adobe acrobat reader.
The klystron is the ubiquitous source of rf power in accelerators today. The klystron magnet emhp is a bulk power supply located in each odd sector, that provides highvoltage dc current to the solenoid focusing magnets inside each klystron for two consecutive sectors. A brief introduction to rf power sources 1 introduction 2 klystrons. Isolator x1625 frequency meter xf710 detector mount xd451 variable attenuator xa520 wave guide stand xu535. Employs a power saver feature to optimize khpa efficiency to meet your operating condition. It is used to combine the powers or to separate the power of various sources. Raytheon qkk826 reflex klystron on an hp 715a power supply. The power supply system for klystron cathode heater, based on the highvoltage gap transformer, has been developed to transfer 800 watts up to kv. Jan 16, 2017 a klystron is a specialized linearbeam vacuum tube, invented in 1937 by american electrical engineers russell and sigurd varian, which is used as an amplifier for high radio frequencies, from uhf up into the microwave range. A klystron tube makes use of speedcontrolled streams of electrons that pass through a resonating cavity. With 300 volts on the reflectorrepeller and about 400 volts of beam voltage the klystron ran at. Low power klystrons are used as oscillators in terrestrial microwave relay. Greater reliability low temperatures are the key to longer lifetimes for klystrons and electronic parts.
In order to provide time constant of the transformer current set by technical requirements pulse top. Installation and operation of new klystron power supply. The electrons are originally accelerated to high velocity by a potential of several hundred volts and enter a narrow gap that forms part of a cavity resonator system see. A klystron is a specialized linearbeam vacuum tube, invented in 1937 by american electrical engineers russell and sigurd varian, which is used as an amplifier for high radio frequencies, from uhf up into the microwave range. Keep, the ammod amplitude knob and amfre knob at the mid position. Solid state rf power supply efficiency comparable with klystron but less water cooling is required modular high power 1mw level will be available at 750mhz soon at frequencies above 1 ghz the high power will be available in the next 35 years expensive but relatively easy to run typical table from one of the vendors. Electrons in a klystron are accelerated to a controlled speed by the application of several hundred volts.
Regulated beam supply and repeller supply voltages digital lcd meter for beam voltage, current more. Feature regulated beam supply, repeller and filament supply voltages. Klystrons make use of the transittime effect by varying the velocity of an electron beam. This kind of modulation is limited within very narrow ranges. Klystron, thermionic electron tube that generates or amplifies microwaves by controlling the speed of a stream of electrons. Ishikawa, scss group, rikenspring8, harima 6795148, japan abstract we have developed an inverter type highvoltage power supply for an oilfilled klystron modulator 12. High power microwave system based on power combining. This lead us to investigate ppm or more accurately pcm focused klystrons. Useful converters and calculators following is the list of useful converters and calculators. As for ec, the development issues for the klystron relate mainly to the cooling of the structure. Vogel, desy, hamburg, germany abstract the power supply system for klystron cathode heater, based on the highvoltage gap transformer, has been. This page of converters and calculators section covers reflex klystron calculator. The pulse generator driving this klystron has maximum peak power rating of 14.
Yes, they had a bellows that was externally adjusted to cause the separation between grids that coupled to a resonant chamber as reflex. The klystronan ultra high power rf energy source 275 to approximately 50% of beam voltage to achieve a significant enhancement of the efficiency. Rosary international school, mumbai banglore highway, warje, pune 411052. Klystron microwave test bench gunn microwave test bench. This rapid opening time limits the dissipated energy from the modulator to 27 mj, significantly extending the klystron lifetime. The klystron was the first significantly powerful source of radio waves in the. Using a hipot high voltage 10kv, low current power supply. Klystron amplification, power output, and efficiency can be greatly improved by the addition of intermediate cavities between the input and output cavities of the basic klystron. Hewlett packard 715a klystron power supply hp microwave ebay.
Lh systems combine multiple units to generate tens of mw of radiated power. Change the meter switch of klystron power supply to beam voltage position,and rotate the beam voltage knob clockwise up to 300 v deflections in meter. The existing klystron modulator in the linac use a 60 hz high voltage power suppl y and adopt traditional lc resonant charging scheme with deqing circuit. On the klystron power supply, vswr meter and cooling fan. I was an aetm3c in the navy and also remember those local oscillators. It contains over klystron power supply utilizes the quality components and rugged construction. The klystron power supply skps610 has built in modulation facilities of amplitude. Since all intermediate cavities in a multicavity klystron operate in the same manner, a.
Our suggestion engine uses more signals but entering a few keywords here will rapidly give you great content to. Qorvos qpa2211d is a kaband power amplifier fabricated on qorvos 0. The reflex klystron also known as a sutton tube after one of its inventors, robert sutton was a low power klystron tube with a single cavity, which functioned as an oscillator. Klystron power supply 610 klystron tube 2k25 with klystron mount xm251 3. Alternate pfn thyratron circuit and end of line clipper considera tions. Highly reliable operation, demonstrated in hundreds.
As soon as the arc extinguishes, the switch can reclose. To protect the klystron under sparks, a noble solidstate switch was incorporated. This has the effect of changing the velocity of the electrons, and thus the frequency of oscillation in the klystron is affected. Avg power output kw beam voltage kv beam current a gain db va145e 2. The list of acronyms and abbreviations related to kpa klystron power amplifier. Ess klystron modulator requirements specification voltage 115 kv current 25 a per klystron pulse width 3. Lowpower klystrons are used as oscillators in terrestrial microwave relay communications links, while highpower klystrons are used as output tubes in uhf television. To study the mode characteristics of the reflex klystron tube and to determine its electronic tuning range. Led digital meter for beam voltage, current and repeller voltage. The cpi power supply design and high efficiency, multistage depressed collector klystron make these lower temperatures possible. The new power supply can provide a dc high voltage of up to 45 kv with the maximum current of 9 a.
High power microwave system based on power combining and. Gen iv klystron high power amplifier kuband highly efficient provides up to 3. The klystron was invented at stanford university in 1937 and originally used as the oscillator in radar receivers during world war ii. Development of the klystron modulator using a highvoltage. The modulator consists of a high voltage power supply which is derived in two stages. This type of klystron oscillator is called a reflex klystron because of the reflex action of the electron beam.
Klystron power amplifier how is klystron power amplifier. Led digital metering for beam voltage, current and repeller voltage. All these components are enclosed in a glass envelope. A high power microwave system based on power combining and pulse compression of conventional klystrons is introduced in this paper. For a tube operating in the 200 to 300 kv range, this means that the entire collector would have to be immersed in oil. The high frequency used in smps makes the capacitance of the output filter reduced and output stored energy small. Following equation or formula is used for reflex klystron calculator. Periodic klystron maintenance if satcom klystrons are to be stored for extended periods, it is recommended that they be periodically checked for vacuum integrity. The electron gun emits the electron beam, which passes through the gap in the anode cavity. It was primarily for this purpose that the highgain cascade power amplifier klystron was developed. December, 1950 a new lowpower klystron supply ai more and more types of lowpower klystrons have become available, need has grown for a small, benchtype power supply to operate these klystrons.
The main difference between most power supplies and those for vacuum tubes is that efficient vacuum tubes have depressed collectors to recycle kinetic energy of the electrons, so the secondary winding of the power supply needs up to 6 taps of which the helix voltage needs precise regulation. Pdf on apr 20, 2016, michael kempkes and others published pulsed power systems for ess klystrons find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Additional cavities serve to velocitymodulate the electron beam and produce an increase in the energy available at the output. The modulator is the dc power supply for the klystron.
Klystron for high gradient accelerator research, in aip conf. After the focusing electrodes there is a cavity resonator which encircles the glass envelope. After the electron gun there are two focusing electrodes used to keep the electron beam in the center around the glass envelope. The high frequency used in smps makes the capacitance of the output. The rf source is a klystron amplifier see section 17. If an inverter power supply is used as a hv generator, it will.
It calculates output power,repeller voltage and efficiency of reflex klystron. Pdf design of pulse power supply for klystron and its. Klystron multi cavity klystron, reflex klystron, working. Kek, one of the klystron power supplies was upgraded during a summer shutdown in 2003. The traveling wave tube amplifier twta together with the klystron are known as linearbeam. Power transfer has been implemented by resonant way on the frequency of 19. Qorvo gan power amplifier qpa2212d qorvo r adds new gan power amplifiers for missioncritical applications.
Reflex klystron consists of an electron gun, a cathode filament, an anode cavity, and an electrode at the cathode potential. Klystron cathode heater power supply system based on the. A solid state induction modulator and pulse transformer were used to drive two 50 mw sband. Pt tank consists of two sections, the transformer and klystron sections fig. Klystron and microwave department capabilities and xband. The klystron is mounted directly on the top cover of the modulator. In the klystron section, there are the klystron itself with highvoltage connector, klystron filament transformer 4 and capacitive divider 6. Saturated output power is 14 w with power added efficiency of 34%. Operating between 27 and 31 ghz, it achieves 5 w linear power with 25 dbc intermodulation distortion products and 26 db small signal gain. Klystron amplifiers are high power microwave vacuum tubes. Hewlett packard 715a klystron power supply, when plugged in the unit shows it has power but nothing more has been checked.
Installation and operation of new klystron power supply with. Reflex klystron calculator converters and calculators. Klystron power supply, model mw 2030 is a state of art solid state solid state, regulated power supply for operating low power klystrons. Mar 24, 2020 the main difference between most power supplies and those for vacuum tubes is that efficient vacuum tubes have depressed collectors to recycle kinetic energy of the electrons, so the secondary winding of the power supply needs up to 6 taps of which the helix voltage needs precise regulation. Microwave engineering reflex klystron tutorialspoint. Since the arc extinction time is well under 10 ms, this allows the. Klystron power supply, is a stateoftheart solidstate, regulated power supply for operating low power klystrons. Klystron cathode heater power supply system based on the high. The main difference between most power supplies and those for vacuum tubes is that efficient vacuum tubes have depressed collectors to recycle kinetic energy of the electrons, so the secondary winding of the power supply needs up to 6 taps of. Pdf a klystron power system for the isis front end test stand. Dti has delivered a fully solid state klystron power supply for the isis front end test stand to rutherford appleton laboratory in the uk. It consists of klystron power supply, klystron mount tube, isolator, variable attenuator, frequency meter, slotted line section, vswr meter and load.
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